3.3.51
अवे ग्रहो वर्षप्रतिबन्धे
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् is optionally used after the root ग्रह् 'to seize' when the word अव is in composition, the sense being 'withholding the rain'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context अवे saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context ग्रहः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context वर्षप्रतिबन्धे saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
अवे ग्रहः वर्षप्रतिबन्धे
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घञ् is optionally used after the root ग्रह् 'to seize' when the word अव is in composition, the sense being 'withholding the rain'.
The word 'optionally' is understood here. The word वर्षप्रतिबन्ध means the absence of rain, from some cause or another, when the season has arrived; as अवग्राहः or अवग्रहो देवस्य 'the draught of rain'.
Why do we say 'when meaning obstruction of rain'? Observe अवग्रहः पदस्य ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.