3.3.149
गर्हायां च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix लिङ् (Benedictive) comes in all tenses when the words यच्च and यत्र are in composition with it, provided that censure is implied.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context गर्हायाम् saptamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
गर्हायाम् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix लिङ् (Benedictive) comes in all tenses when the words यच्च and यत्र are in composition with it, provided that censure is implied.
The governing force of the words anavaklipti and amarsha ceases. This debars all other tense-affixes. Thus यच्च or यत्र तत्र भवान् वृषलं याजयेत् ॠद्धौ वृद्धः सन् ब्राह्मणः, गर्हामहे, अहो अन्याय्यमेतत् 'we blame you who being an opulent, old Brahmana (who ought to know better) officiate as a sacrificial priest for a Sudra, O! It is improper'!
When the non-completion of the action is indicated, the Conditional tense must be employed under the rules given in 3.3.139- 3.3.140- 3.3.141. As यच्च or यत्र त्वं हरिं निन्देः or अनिन्दिष्यः, गर्हामहे 'we censure that you should (have attempted to) blaspheme Hari', &c.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.