3.2.81
बहुलमाभीक्ष्ण्ये
Operational rule vidhi
The affix णिनि comes after a verb diversely when continued repitition of an action is to be expressed.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term बहुलम् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context आभीक्ष्ण्ये saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
बहुलम् आभीक्ष्ण्ये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix णिनि comes after a verb diversely when continued repitition of an action is to be expressed.
The word आभीक्ष्ण्य means continued repetition, that is to say, zealous practice or assiduous performance of anything, but does not mean habit. As कषायपायिणो गान्धाराः 'the people of Gandhara are kashaya-drinkers'. कषाय + पा + णिनि = कषाय + पा + युक् + णिनि 7.3.33. So also क्षीरपायिण उशीनाराः 'the people of Usinara are milk-drinkers'. सौवीर-पायिणो बाह्लीकाः 'the people of Bahlika are sauvira-drinkers'.
By using the word 'diversely' in the sutra, this affix is not applied in other places, as in the following :- कुल्माषखादः 'a grain eater'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.