3.2.108
भाषायां सदवसश्रुवः
Operational rule vidhi
In modern Sanskrit the affix क्वसु optionally replaces लिट् (Perfect Tense) after the verbs सद् , वस् and श्रु with a past signification.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context भाषायाम् saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context सद- वस- श्रुवः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
भाषायाम् सद-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
In modern Sanskrit the affix क्वसु optionally replaces लिट् (Perfect Tense) after the verbs सद् , वस् and श्रु with a past signification.
This being a substitute only, the original affix लिट् also comes after these verbs. As, उपसेदिवान् कौत्सः पाणिनिम् 'Kautsa served Panini'. In the alternative, the proper affixes of the past tense will be employed. As उपासदत् 'he served'; उपासीदत् and उपससाद्.
So also अनूषिवान् कौत्सः पाणिनिम्. In the alternative we have अन्ववासीत्, अन्ववसत् and अनूवास.
So also उपशुश्रुवान् कौत्सः पाणिनिम्. In the alternative we have उपाश्रौषीत्, उपाश्रुणोत् and उपशुश्राव.
The affix क्वसु is employed with the force of लुङ्, and लङ् also.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.