3.1.45 शल इगुपधादनिटः क्सः

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context इगुपधात् pañcamī · ekavacanaTarget अनिटः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term क्सः prathamā · ekavacana

Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.

Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.

Full reading

इगुपधात् अनिटः क्सः

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

After a verb that ends in a शल consonant and has an इक् vowel for its penultimate letter and does not take इट् -- एकाच उपदेशेऽनुदात्तात् 7.2.10, क्स is the substitute of च्लि।
The forms of the terminations of the Aorist with क्स are as follow:

Parasmaipada.

- 1st person, सं, साव, साम्
- 2nd person, सः, सत, सत
- 3rd person, सत्, सतां, सत्

Almanepada.

- सि, सीवहि, सीमहि
- सथाः, थाः, साथाम्, सध्वम्, ध्वम्
- सत, त, सातां, सन्त

As, मृश and कृष् in the last sutra have their Aorist with क्स as अमृक्सत् and अकृषत्; so दुह 'to milk' forms अधुक्षत् 'he milked', लिड् 'to lick' अलिक्षत्.

Why do we say 'when ending in श, ष, and ह'? Observe अभैत्सीत्, अच्छैत्सीत्; here सिच् is employed. Why do we say 'having for its penultimate इ, उ, ऋ or लृ'? Observe अधाक्षीत्. Why do we say 'not having an intermediate इ'? Observe अकोषीत् an अमोषीत्. See 7.2.4 and 8.2.28.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.