3.1.36
इजादेश्च गुरुमतोऽनृच्छः
Operational rule vidhi
A verb which can be called as 'इजादिः गुरुमान्' gets an आम् प्रत्यय when followed by लिट्-लकार. However, this प्रत्यय is not seen for the verb root ऋच्छ्.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context इजादेः pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaLeft context गुरुमतः pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context अनृच्छः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
इजादेः च गुरुमतः अनृच्छः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix आम् is used when लिट् (Perfect Tense) follows after a root beginning with a letter of इच् प्रत्यहार and having a heavy vowel, excepting the root ऋच्छ 'to go'.
Thus ईह् 'to try', ईहाञ्चक्रे 'he tried'; so also ऊहाञ्चक्रे 'he guessed', एधाञ्चक्रे 'he grieved'.
But ऋच्छ् forms आनर्च्छ 'he failed or went'. This applies to monosyllabic roots which begin with any vowel prosodially long, except अ or आ. The verb ऊर्ण 'to cover' is, however, an exception; its perfect is ऊर्णुनाव 'he covered'.
Why do we say 'beginning with इच् or any vowel except अ or आ' ? Observe अर्द, Perfect आनर्द 7.4.71. Why do we say 'heavy vowel' ? Observe उख्, Perf. उवोख 6.4.78 ऊखतुः, ऊखुः. Why do we say 'vowel' ? Observe कुर्द, Perf. चुकुर्दे; षूद्, Perf. सुषूदे.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.