गाङ् लिटि

Operational rule vidhi

गाम् is the substitute of इङ् when लिट् (Perfect Tense) follows.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Substitute / term गाङ् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context लिटि saptamī · ekavacana

Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

गाङ् लिटि

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

गाम् is the substitute of इङ् when लिट् (Perfect Tense) follows.
The substitute being like its original 1.1.68 गाङ् would have been Atmanepadi, even without the indicatory, ङ्. Why has then this ङ् been added to it? The object is that in the sutra (1.2. 1.) गाङ् there should mean this substitute गाङ् and not the verb 'to go.'

Thus we get अधिजगे 'he studied'. अधिजगाते, अधिजगिरे. See 6.4.64 and 3.4.8.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.