2.3.6
अपवर्गे तृतीया
Operational rule vidhi
The 3rd case-affix is used after the words denoting the duration of time or place, when the accomplishment of the desired object is meant to be expressed.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context अपवर्गे saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term तृतीया prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Full reading
अपवर्गे तृतीया
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The 3rd case-affix is used after the words denoting the duration of time or place, when the accomplishment of the desired object is meant to be expressed.
मासेनानुवाकोऽधीतः 'he learnt the Anuvaka in a month,' क्रोशेनानुवाकोऽधीतः 'he learnt the Anuvaka by going over a kos.
The word अपवर्ग means 'the finishing of an action, on the attainment of the object intended by the action, but not before.' Thus संवत्सरेणानुवाकोऽधीतः means 'Anuvaka was persaveringly and effectually read by him in the whole year.'
When the idea of apavarga is not intended, the accusative case is employed, as मासमधीतोऽनुवाकः 'learnt for a month, but not yet completed, the Anuvaka.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.