2.3.37
यस्य च भावेन भावलक्षणम्
Operational rule vidhi
By the action (भाव) of whatsoever, the time of another action is indicated, that takes the 7th case-affix.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target यस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaWith / by भावेन tṛtīyā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term भाव- लक्षणम् prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- With / by Tṛtīyā (3rd case): accompaniment or means.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Full reading
यस्य च भावेन भाव-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
यस्य → भाव-
Replace yasya with bhāva-lakṣaṇam. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
By the action (भाव) of whatsoever, the time of another action is indicated, that takes the 7th case-affix.
This is Locative Absolute. गोषु दुह्यमानासु गतः 'the cows being milked, he went away' दुग्धास्वागतः 'and returned when they were milked'. अग्निषु हूयमानेषु गतः, हुतेष्वागतः.
Why do we say 'by the action of whatsoever'? Observe यो जटाभिः स भुक्ते. Why have we used the word 'action' twice? Witness यो भुक्ते स देवदत्तः.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.