2.3.12 गत्यर्थकर्मणि द्वितीयाचतुर्थ्यौ चेष्टायामनध्वनि

Word by word (padaccheda)

Right context - अर्थ- कर्मणि saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term द्वितीया- चतुर्थ्यौ prathamā · dvivacanaRight context चेष्टायाम् saptamī · ekavacanaRight context अनध्वनि saptamī · ekavacana

Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.

Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.

Full reading

-अर्थ-कर्मणि द्वितीया-चतुर्थ्यौ चेष्टायाम् अनध्वनि

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

In the case of roots implying motion, the place which the motion is directed takes the affix of the 2nd (Accusative) or the 4th (Dative) case in denoting the 'object', when physical motion is meant and the object is not a word expressing 'road'.
Ex. ग्रामं or ग्रामाय गच्छति 'he goes to the village.' But not so in मनसा हरिं व्रजति (the verb not denoting physical motion) 'he goes mentally to Hari' अध्वानं गच्छति 'he goes over the way' (the object being the 'way'). But not so in ओदनं पचति 'he cooks rice;' (the verb not denoting 'motion') nor in अश्वेन व्रजति (the verb not denoting 'the object.')

Note.- The word adhvan includes the synonyms of road (1.1. 68) as पन्थानं गच्छति, मार्गं गच्छति.

Note.- The prohibition applies with regard to the going over or occupying the road; so that where a person from a wrong road goes to the right road, there the fourth case-affix will be employed as पथे गच्छति.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.