2.1.9
सुप्प्रतिना मात्रार्थे
Operational rule vidhi
The word 'प्रति' when used in the meaning of 'मात्रा' (little, a small amount) undergoes a समास with related सुबन्त, and the समास is called अव्ययीभाव.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaWith / by प्रतिना tṛtīyā · ekavacanaRight context मात्रा- अर्थे saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- With / by Tṛtīyā (3rd case): accompaniment or means.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
प्रतिना मात्रा-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A word ending in a case-affix is compounded with the indeclinable word प्रति , when meaning 'a little' and the compound so formed is called अव्ययीभाव।
The word नाना means a drop,' 'a little,' 'wee bit;' as, शाकप्रति "a little of vegetable,' सूपप्रति 'a little of soup.'
Why do we say 'when meaning a little'? Observe वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् 'it lightens in the direction of the tree.' Here it is not compounded.
Though the word sup was, by anuvritti from sútra 2, understood in this sútra, its repetition in the text is for the purpose of indicating that the anuvritti of the word अव्यय which began with sútra 6 does not extend further into the subsequent sútra.
The word प्रतिना being exhibited in the 3rd case-affix is not an upasarjana (l.2.43) and therefore, it comes as the last member of the compound 2.2.30.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.