2.1.58
पूर्वापरप्रथमचरमजघन्यसमानमध्यमध्यमवीराश्च
Operational rule vidhi
A case-inflected words पूर्व 'prior', अपर 'other', प्रथम 'first', चरम 'last', जघन्य 'hindmost', समान 'equal', मध्य 'middle', मध्यम 'middle', and वीर 'hero' are compounded with words ending with a case-affix and which are in agreement (same case) with them and the resulting compound is तत्-पुरुष .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term पूर्व- अपर- - चरम- जघन्य- समान- मध्य- - वीराः prathamā · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
पूर्व-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A case-inflected words पूर्व 'prior', अपर 'other', प्रथम 'first', चरम 'last', जघन्य 'hindmost', समान 'equal', मध्य 'middle', मध्यम 'middle', and वीर 'hero' are compounded with words ending with a case-affix and which are in agreement (same case) with them and the resulting compound is तत्-पुरुष ।
As पूर्व पुरुषः 'ancestor,' (any one of the three, father, grandfather and great-grandfather), अपरपुरुषः 'successor,' चरमपुरुषः 'last person,' जघन्यपुरुषः 'hinder most person,' समानपुरुषः.' equal person,'मध्य or मध्यमपुरुषः 'middle person,'वीरपुरुषः 'heroic person.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.