2.1.18
पारे मध्ये षष्ठ्या वा
Operational rule vidhi
The words पार 'across' and मध्य 'middle' may optionally be compounded with a word ending in the 6th-Case-affix, when they take forms परे and मध्ये and the compound so formed is अव्ययीभाव.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term पारे prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term मध्ये prathamā · ekavacanaWith / by षष्ठ्या tṛtīyā · ekavacanaIndeclinable वा avyaya
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- With / by Tṛtīyā (3rd case): accompaniment or means.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
पारे मध्ये षष्ठ्या वा
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The words पार 'across' and मध्य 'middle' may optionally be compounded with a word ending in the 6th-Case-affix, when they take forms परे and मध्ये and the compound so formed is अव्ययीभाव।
Ordinarily these words would have formed Possessive Tatpurusha compounds. The present sûtra ordains Avyayibhåva instead. The force of वा in the text is that the Genitive Tatpurusha compounding also takes place in the alternative. As पारेगङ्गम् or गङ्गापारम् 'across the Ganges.' मध्येगङ्गम् or गङ्गमध्यम् 'middle of the Ganges.'
Of course according to the option allowed by sutra 2.1.11, this compounding need not take place at all, the same sense being expressed by a phrase; as पारं गङ्गायाः or मध्यं गङ्गायाः .
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.