2.1.12
अपपरिबहिरञ्चवः पञ्चम्या
Operational rule vidhi
The words 'अप', 'परि', 'बहि' and the words generated from the verb 'अञ्च्' (E.g. प्राच्, प्रत्यच्, उदच् etc) optionally undergo a समास with related पञ्चम्यन्त word; and the समास is called अव्ययीभावसमास.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term अप- परि- बहिः- अञ्चवः prathamā · bahuvacanaWith / by पञ्चम्या tṛtīyā · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- With / by Tṛtīyā (3rd case): accompaniment or means.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अप-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The words अप , परि , बहिल् and indeclinables ending in अञ्चु may optionally be compounded with a word ending in the 5th case affix and the compound so formed will be अव्ययीभाव ।
As अपत्रिगर्तम् दृष्टो देवः or अपत्रिगर्तेभ्यो दृष्टो देवः 'it rained away from Trigarta'. So also, परित्रिगर्तम् or परित्रिगर्तेभ्यः 'round about Trigarta,'बहिर्ग्रामम् or बहिर्ग्रामात् 'outside the village' प्राग् ग्रामम् or प्राग् ग्रामात् 'east of the village.'
Words formed from the verb अञ्चु 'to go,' are उदञ्च 'north' प्राञ्च east, &c.
From this sútra we learn by inference (jñàpak) that the word बहिः also governs the ablative case (see II.3.29).
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.