1.3.39
उपपराभ्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
When the verb 'क्रम्' comes with an उपसर्ग, it gets the प्रत्ययाः of आत्मनेपद only in the meaning of - (1) वृत्तिः , To progress without getting stuck , (2) सर्गः, enthusiasm, (3) तायनः, expansion, elaboration.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context उप- पराभ्याम् pañcamī · dvivacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
उप-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verb क्रम् , preceded by उप and पर , when used in the senses of 'continuity', 'energy' and 'development', the आत्मनेपद is used.
The words vritti &c., of the last sutra are understood here also. Why has this been made a separate sutra and not included in the last? The reason is to make a restrictive rule in the cases of upasargas; that is to say, only in the cases of the upasargas upa and para, there is atmanepada affix; but not so when any other upasarga precedes the verb kram, though the sense may be of continuity &c. Thus उपक्रमते 'he commences to advance,' पराक्रमते 'he marches to attack.'
Why do we say after the upasargas 'upa and para'? Because, after any other preposition the affix will be of the parasmaipada; as संक्रामति 'he makes progress.' If the sense is not that of "continuity" &c., parasmaipada will be employed, as उपक्रामति, पराक्रामति.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.