1.3.14
कर्तरि कर्मव्यतिहारे
Operational rule vidhi
A verb gets the प्रत्ययाः of आत्मनेपद, even in the कर्तरि प्रयोग, in the context of व्यतिहार (exchange of actions).
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context कर्तरि saptamī · ekavacanaRight context - व्यतिहारे saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
कर्तरि -
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
In denoting the agent, when reciprocity of action is to be expressed, the affixes of the आत्मनेपद are employed.
The active or कर्तृवाच्य verbs when denoting reciprocal action are atmanepadi. As, व्यतिपचन्ते, 'they cook for each other,' व्यतिलुनते 'he performs cutting of wood which was the appropriate office of another.'
The words "reciprocity or interchange of action" of this sutra govern and are understood in the two following sutras also.
The word karma in the sutra means action and not the technical 'karma' meaning 'object' and the word vyatihara means reciprocity or interchange. When an action which was appropriate to one person is performed by another, whose duty it was not, that is called 'interchange of action.' When such interchange is not meant Paras. is used. As लुनन्ति 'they cut.' The word kartari here is used for the sake of the subsequent aphorism 1.3.78, which see.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.