8.4.48
नादिन्याक्रोशे पुत्रस्य
Operational rule vidhi
The तकार of the word पुत्रादिनी does not get a द्वित्व when this word is used while shouting / while talking in angry tone.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Indeclinable न avyayaWord आदिनी Right context आक्रोशे saptamī · ekavacanaTarget पुत्रस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Full reading
न आदिनी आक्रोशे पुत्रस्य
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
There is not reduplication of the letters of पुत्र , when the word आदिनी follows, the sense being that of reviling or cursing.
This debars the reduplication required by the last sutra. Thus पुत्रादिनी त्वमसि पापे "O sinful one! thou art eater of thy own son". Here the word पुत्रादिनी is used simply as an abusive epithet. But when a fact is described, and the word is not used as an abuse or आक्रोश, the reduplication takes place. Thus पुत्रादिनी व्याघ्री 'a kind of tigress, that eats up her young ones'. = शिशुमारी व्याघ्री ॥
Vart:- So also when पुत्र is followed by पुत्रादिनी ॥ As पुत्र पुत्रादिनी त्वमसि पापे ॥ So also पुत्रपौत्रादिनी ॥
Vart:- Optionally so when the words हत and जग्ध follow. As पुत्रहती or पुत्र्त्रहती, पुत्रजग्धी or पुत्र्त्रजग्धी ॥
Vart:- According to the option of Acharya Paushkarasadi, the letters of चय् pratyahara are replaced by the second letters of their class, when followed by a sibilant (a letter of शर् pratyahara).
As वत्सः becomes वथ्सः अक्षरम् becomes अख्रम् and अप्सरा becomes अफ्सरा ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.