8.3.31
शि तुक्
Operational rule vidhi
In the context of संहिता, a नकार occurring at end of a पद optionally gets a तुगागम when followed by a शकार.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context शि saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term तुक् prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
शि तुक्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The augment त् may optionally be added to a word ending in न् , when a word beginning with श् follows.
Thus भवाञ् च्छेते ॥ The augment is added to the end of the preceding word, and not to the beginning of the second word, in order to change श into छ ॥ In fact, the augment धुट् added to the second would have been as good as तुक्, namely both are त; but then छ change would not have taken place.
Objection:- If this be so, then why न् is not changed to ण्, since it is no longer final in a pada, when तुक् is added to it, in कुर्वञ् च्छेते ॥
Answer:- This is to be thus explained. The sutra स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः 8.4.40 should be divided into two parts, in order to prevent ण change. Thus the first part will be स्तोः श्चुना, which will mean that स and तु followed by श and चु will not cause the change of न to ण ॥ The next sutra will be श्चुः, which will mean that the preceding स and तु are changed to श and चु respectively.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.