7.3.80
प्वादीनां ह्रस्वः
Operational rule vidhi
A short is substituted for पू etc. before a शित् affix.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target प्वादीनाम् ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
प्वादीनाम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
प्वादीनाम् →
Replace pvādīnām with hrasvaḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
A short is substituted for पू etc. before a शित् affix.
The Pvadi roots form a subdivision of the Kryadi class, beginning with पूञ् पवने (2) and ending with प्ली गतौ (32). The ल्वादि roots 8.2.44 are a portion of प्वादि (numbers 13 to 32). Others hold that upto the end of the Kryadi class are Pvadi. Thus पुनाति, लुणाति, स्तृणाति ॥ Those who hold that Pvadi roots are upto the end of the Class, explain the non-shortening of जानाति (for ज्ञा would also then become Pvadi), by saying that the express text of 7.3.79, substituting long जा prevents the shortening. They say had ज्ञा been also shortened, then merely ज substitute would have been enough and not जा; and this ज would have been lengthened in the case of जन् by 7.3.101, to form जायते ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.