7.1.75
अस्थिदधिसक्थ्यक्ष्णामनङुदात्तः
Operational rule vidhi
The words अस्थि, दधि, सक्थि and अक्षि get an उदात्तः अनङ्-आदेश when followed by an अजादि विभक्ति of तृतीया onwards.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target अस्थि- दधि- सक्थि- अक्ष्णाम् ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term अनङ् prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अस्थि-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
अस्थि-
Replace asthi-dadhi-sakthi-akṣṇām with anaṅ udāttaḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The acutely accented (उदात्त) अन् (अनङ्) is substituted for the finals of 1. अस्थि 2. दधि 3. सक्थि and 4. अक्षि, before the affixes of the Instrumental -3rd case and the cases that follow it, which begin with a vowel.
Thus अस्थ्ना꣡, अस्थ्ने꣡, दध्ना꣡, दध्ने꣡, सक्थ्ना꣡, सक्थ्ने꣡, अक्ष्णा꣡, अक्ष्णे꣡ ॥ The words अस्थि &c have acute on the first syllable, the substitute अनङ् would have been also anudatta, but for this sutra. The stem getting the designation भ, we elide the अ 6.4.134, the udatta अ being thus elided, the case-ending, which was anudatta before, now becomes udatta 6.1.161. The stems ending with 'asthi &c' and though not neuter, are governed by this rule. As प्रियास्थ्ना ब्राह्मणेन, प्रियदध्ना ॥ Why 'before the affixes of the Instrumental and the rest?' Observe अस्थिनी, दधिनी ॥ Before affixes beginning with a consonant, we have अस्थिभ्याम्, दधिभ्याम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.