7.1.54
ह्रस्वनद्यापो नुट्
Operational rule vidhi
The आम्-प्रत्यय that follows a ह्रस्व word, a नदीसंज्ञक word, or an आबन्त word gets a नुट्-आगम.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context - - आपः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The augment न् is added before the Genitive 6th-Case plural ending आम् after the अङ्ग (stems) ending in a short vowel after अङ्ग (stems) called नदी -- यू स्त्र्याख्यौ नदी 1.4.3 etc., and after the अङ्ग (stems) ending in the feminine affix आ।
As वृक्षाणाम्, प्लक्षानाम्, अग्नीणाम्, वायूनाम्, कर्तॄणाम् ॥ नद्यन्तात् :- कुमारीणाम्, किशोरीणाम्, गौरीणाम्, शार्ङ्गरवीणाम्, लक्ष्मीणाम्, ब्रह्मबन्धूनाम्, वीरबन्धूनाम् ॥ आयन्तात्ः- खट्वानाम्, मालानाम्, बहुराजानाम्, कारीषगन्ध्यानाम् ॥
The lengthening of the short final vowel takes place by 6.4.3.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.