सुपां सुलुक्पूर्वसवर्णाऽऽच्छेयाडाड्यायाजालः
The following irregularly endings are substituted for the various case endings in the छन्दस् (Vedas) 1. स् of the Nominative 1st-Case singular for अस् of the plural 2. the लुक् elision of the case-endings 3. the single substitution of the homogeneous long vowel of the अङ्ग (stem) 4. आ 5. आत् 6. ए (शे) for the ending of the Nominative 1st-Case plural 7. या 8. आ (डा) with the elision of the last vowel and the consonant, if any, that follows it in the अङ्ग (stem) 9. या (ड्या) with a similar shortening of the अङ्ग (stem) 10. या (याच्) and आ (accent of ल).
Word by word (padaccheda)
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Replace supām with su-luk-pūrvasavarṇa-ā-āt-śe-yā-ḍā-ḍyā-yājālaḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The following irregularly endings are substituted for the various case endings in the छन्दस् (Vedas) 1. स् of the Nominative 1st-Case singular for अस् of the plural 2. the लुक् elision of the case-endings 3. the single substitution of the homogeneous long vowel of the अङ्ग (stem) 4. आ 5. आत् 6. ए (शे) for the ending of the Nominative 1st-Case plural 7. या 8. आ (डा) with the elision of the last vowel and the consonant, if any, that follows it in the अङ्ग (stem) 9. या (ड्या) with a similar shortening of the अङ्ग (stem) 10. या (याच्) and आ (accent of ल).
Thus (1) अनृक्षरा ऋजवः सन्तु पन्थाः (for पन्थानः) Rig Veda X. 85.23.
Vart:- It should be stated that case-endings replace case-endings promiscuously, as, धुरि दक्षिणायाः (for दक्षिणायाम् Rig I.164.9).
Vart:- One personal ending replaces another personal ending in the Vedas चपालं ये अश्वयूपाय तक्षति (for तक्षन्ति) Rig I.162.6.
(2) लुक्-elision:- As आद्रे चर्मन्, लोहिते चर्मन् for चर्मणि; हविर्धाने यत् सुन्वन्ति, तत् सामिधेनोरन्वाह (यद् for यस्मिन् and तद् for तस्मिन्) ॥
(3) Lengthening :- धीती, मती, सुष्टुती for धीत्या, मत्या and सुष्टुत्या ॥
(4) आ - उभा यन्तारौ (for उभौ) ॥
(5) आत् — न ताद् ब्राह्मणाद् निन्दामि for तान् ब्राह्मणान् ॥
(6) शे - न युष्मे (for यूयम्) वाजबन्धवः, Rig VIII.68.19. अस्मे (for वयं) इन्द्राबृहस्पती; Rig IV. 49.4, the यूय and वय substitution has not taken place as a Vedic usage.
(7) या - उरुया, धृष्णुया for उरुणा and धृष्णुणा ॥
(8) डा-नाभा (for नाभी) यिष्याः Rig I.143.4
(9) ड्या - अनुष्ठ्या च्यावयतात् for अनुष्ठुभा Aitareya Brahmana II.6.15.
(10) वाच् - साधुया꣡ for साधु, there was required the elision of सु ॥
(11) आल् - वस꣡न्ता यजेत for वसन्ते ॥
Vart:- The following substitutes should also be enumerated, (a) इया, (b) डियाच् with elision of the final vowel and the consonant, if any, that follows it, and (c) long ई ॥ As (a) उर्विया परिधानम्, for उरुणा, so also दार्विया for दारुणा ॥ (b) सुक्षेत्रिया for सुक्षेत्रिणा, and सुगात्रिया for सुगात्रिणा ॥ (c) इति न शुष्कं सरसी शयानम् for सरसि ॥
Vart:- So also (a) आङ्, (b) अयाच् and (c) अयार् : as प्रयाहवा for प्रयाहुना, (b) स्वप्नया सच सेवनम् for स्वप्नेन, (c) सिन्धुमिव नावया for नावा ॥
The word आच्छे in the sutra is compounded of three words आ + आत् + शे, the word आत् = आ + आत् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.