6.4.127
अर्वणस्त्रसावनञः
Operational rule vidhi
तृ (which is changed to न्त् in the strong cases and forms the feminine in ई unaccented) is substituted for the final of the अङ्ग (stem) अर्वन् , except in the Nominative 1st-Case singular or when the word is joined with the Negative particle.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target अर्वणः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaWord तृ Right context असौ saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context अनञः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
अर्वणः तृ असौ अनञः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
तृ (which is changed to न्त् in the strong cases and forms the feminine in ई unaccented) is substituted for the final of the अङ्ग (stem) अर्वन् , except in the Nominative 1st-Case singular or when the word is joined with the Negative particle.
The real substitute is त्, the ऋ is for the sake of making this affix an उगित्, so that in sarvanamasthana cases we have नुम् augment 7.1.70. Thus अर्वन्तौ, अर्वन्तः, अर्वन्तम्, अर्वन्तौ, अर्वतः, अर्वता, अर्वद्भ्याम्, अर्वद्भिः, अर्वती, आर्वतम् ॥ असाविति किम्, अर्वा ॥ अनञ् इति किम्, अनर्वाणौ, अनर्वाणः, अनर्वाणं वृषभं मन्द्रजिह्वम् ॥
But अर्वा in the Nominative Singular and अनर्वाणौ, अनर्वाणः, अनर्वाणं वृषभं मन्द्रजिह्वम् with the Negative Particle नञ् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.