6.3.80
द्वितीये चानुपाख्ये
Operational rule vidhi
स is substituted for सह when it is in connection with a word which refers to a second object which latter however is not directly perceived.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context द्वितीये saptamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaRight context अनुपाख्ये saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Full reading
द्वितीये च अनुपाख्ये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
स is substituted for सह when it is in connection with a word which refers to a second object which latter however is not directly perceived.
Of the two things which are generally found co-existing, the non-principal is called the 'second' or द्वितीया ॥ That which is perceived, observed or is known is called उपाख्य, that which is not perceived &c is अनुपाख्य, i.e. what is to be inferred. That is, when the second object is to be inferred from the presence of the first, स is added to such second word. Thus साग्निः (कपोतः) 'a pigeon which points out that conflagration has taken place some where'. सपिशाचा वात्या "a storm-wind which announces the Pisachas". सराक्षसीका शाला ॥ Here the fire, the Pisacha or the Rakshasas are not directly perceived, but their existence is inferred from the presence of the pigeon &c.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.