6.3.18
शयवासवासिष्वकालात्
Operational rule vidhi
The Locative -7th case-affix ending is optionally retained after the words 1. शय 2. वास and 3. वासिन् when the preceding word does not denote time and ends in a consonant or a short अ.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context शय- वास- वासिषु saptamī · bahuvacanaLeft context अकालात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
शय-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The Locative -7th case-affix ending is optionally retained after the words 1. शय 2. वास and 3. वासिन् when the preceding word does not denote time and ends in a consonant or a short अ।
Thus खेशयः, or खशयः, ग्रामेवासः or ग्रामवासः, ग्रामेवासिन् or ग्रामवासिन् ॥ After a time-name we have पुर्वाह्णशयः ॥ After a vowel ending word (other than अ) we have भूमिशयः ॥
Vart:- The Locative case-affix is retained after अप् when योनि, or the affix यत् or मतुप् follows. Thus अप्सुयोनिः, अप्सव्यः, अप्सुमन्तौ ॥ The affix यत् is added by treating अप् as belonging to the दिवादि class (अप्सु भवः, 4.3.54).
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.