6.2.38

महान् व्रीह्यपराह्णगृष्टीष्वासजाबालभारभारतहैलिहिलरौरवप्रवृद्धेषु

Operational rule vidhi

The word महत् (महा) retains its accent before the following - 1. व्रीहि 2. अपराह्ण 3. गृष्टि 4. इष्वास 5. जाबाल 6. भार 7. भारत 8. हैलिहिल 9. रौरव and 10. प्रवृद्धे.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Substitute / term महान् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context व्रीहि- अपराह्ण- गृष्टि- इष्वास- जाबाल- भार- भारत- हैलिहिल- रौरव- प्रवृद्धेषु saptamī · bahuvacana
  • Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

Full reading

महान् व्रीहि-अपराह्ण-गृष्टि-इष्वास-जाबाल-भार-भारत-हैलिहिल-रौरव-प्रवृद्धेषु

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The word महत् (महा) retains its accent before the following - 1. व्रीहि 2. अपराह्ण 3. गृष्टि 4. इष्वास 5. जाबाल 6. भार 7. भारत 8. हैलिहिल 9. रौरव and 10. प्रवृद्धे।
Thus महा꣡व्रीहिः, महा꣡पराह्णः, महा꣡गृष्टिः, महे꣡ष्वासः, महा꣡जाबालः, महा꣡भारः, महा꣡भारतः, महा꣡हैलिहलः, महा꣡रौरवः, महा꣡प्रवृद्धः ॥ The महत् has acute on the final. (Unadi II.84) On the प्रतिपदोक्त maxim already mentioned under 6.2.26, this accent will apply to that compound of महत् which it forms under rule 2.1.61, for that is the particular rule of Karmadharaya compounding relating to mahat (pratipadokta). This rule therefore, will not apply to Genitive Tatpurusha. Thus महतो व्रीहिः = महद्व्रीहिः꣡ which has accent on the final by 6.1.223.

Q. The word प्रवृद्ध is a Participle formed by क्त affix, and by rule 6.2.46, in a Karmadharaya compound, the first member will retain its original accent. What is then the necessity of reading this word in this sutra? Ans. That sutra 6.2.46 applies, on the maxim of pradipadokta, to the special participles and nouns mentioned in 2.1.59 and not to every participle and noun.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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