6.2.138
शितेर्नित्याबह्वज्बहुव्रीहावभसत्
Operational rule vidhi
After शिति , a word retains in a बहुव्रीहि समास its original accent when it is always of not more than two syllables with the exception of भसद्..
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context शितेः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term नित्य- अबह्वव्च् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context बहुव्रीहौ saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अभसत् prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Full reading
शितेः नित्य- अबह्वव्च् बहुव्रीहौ अभसत्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After शिति , a word retains in a बहुव्रीहि समास its original accent when it is always of not more than two syllables with the exception of भसद्.।
Thus शितिपा꣡दः, शित्य꣡सः, शित्यौ꣡ष्ठः ॥ The word पाद belongs to वृषादि class 6.1.203 and has acute on the first, and अंस and ओष्ठः being formed by सन् (Unadi V. 21) and थम् (Unadi II.4) affixes, have acute on the first 6.1.197. Why do we say 'after शिति'? Observe दर्शनीयपादः which being formed by the affix अनीयर् has acute on the penultimate syllable नी by 6.1.217 ॥ Why do we say 'always'? Observe शि꣡तिककुत्, for though ककुत् is here of two syllables, it is an abbreviated form of ककुद, the final अ being elided in denoting condition of life 5.4.146, in compounds other than those denoting 'age', we have शितिककुदः, hence this word is not such which is always of two syllables. The word शिति has acute on the first syllable, by Phit II.10, and retains this accent in the Bahuvrihi 6.2.1. Why do we say 'abahvach or not many syllable'? Observe शि꣡तिललाटः ॥ Why do we say in a Bahuvrihi ? Observe शितेः पादः = शितिपादः ॥ Why do we say 'with the exception of भसत्? Observe शि꣡तिभसत् ॥ This sutra is an exception to 6.2.1.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.