6.2.106
बहुव्रीहौ विश्वं संज्ञायाम्
Operational rule vidhi
The word विश्व has acute accent (उदात्त) on the final, being first member in a बहुव्रीहि समास , when it is a Name.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context बहुव्रीहौ saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term विश्वम् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context संज्ञायाम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
बहुव्रीहौ विश्वम् संज्ञायाम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The word विश्व has acute accent (उदात्त) on the final, being first member in a बहुव्रीहि समास , when it is a Name.
Thus विश्व꣡देवः, विश्व꣡यशाः, विश्व꣡महान् ॥ This is an exception to 6.2.1 by which the first member in a Bahuvrihi would have retained its original accent. Why do we say in a Bahuvrihi compound? Observe विश्वे च देवाः = विश्वदेवाः ॥ Why do we say 'when a name'? Observe विश्वेदेवा अस्य = विश्वदेवः ॥ But विश्वामित्रः꣡ and विश्वाजिनः꣡ have acute on the final, as they are governed by the subsequent rule 6.2.165 which supersedes this. The word Bahuvrihi governs the succeeding sutras upto 6.2.120 inclusive. The word विश्व is originally acute on the first, as it is formed by the affix क्वन् added to विश् ॥ This rule has unrestricted scope in विश्वदेवः, विश्वयशाः and rule 6.2.165 has unrestricted scope in कुलमित्रः, कुलजिनः ॥ But in विश्वामित्रः and विश्वाजिनः there is a conflict, as both these rules would apply, therefore by the maxim of vipratishedha, 6.2.165 supersedes this.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.