6.1.18
स्वापेश्चङि
Operational rule vidhi
Of the causative verb स्वपि 'to cause one to sleep', there is vocalisation of the semi-vowel, when the affix चङ् of the Reduplicated Aorist follows.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target स्वापेः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaRight context चङि saptamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
स्वापेः चङि
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Of the causative verb स्वपि 'to cause one to sleep', there is vocalisation of the semi-vowel, when the affix चङ् of the Reduplicated Aorist follows.
Thus the Aorist of स्वपि is असूषुपत्, असूषुपताम्, असूषुपन् ॥ The vocalisation takes place before reduplication, then there is guna of the penultimate short vowel, then this is again shortened by 7.4.1, then there is reduplication, and then lengthening of the vowel of the reduplicate by 7.4.94. Thus स्वापि + चङ् = सुपि + चङ् = सुप् 6.4.51 + चङ् 7.3.86 = सोप् + चङ् = सुप् + चङ् 7.4.1 = सु + सुप् + चङ् 6.1.11 = सूषुपत् 7.4.94 which with the augment अ becomes असूषुपत् ॥
Why do we say 'when चङ् follows'? Observe स्वाप्यते, स्वापितः ॥ The anuvritti of किति has ceased, that of ङिति however is here.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.