6.1.157

पारस्करप्रभृतीनि च संज्ञायाम्

Operational rule vidhi

The words पारस्कर etc. are Names.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Substitute / term पारस्करप्रभृतीनि prathamā · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyayaRight context संज्ञायाम् saptamī · ekavacana
  • Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
  • Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

Full reading

पारस्करप्रभृतीनि च संज्ञायाम्

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The words पारस्कर etc. are Names.
These words are irregularly formed by adding सुट् ॥ Thus पारस्करः 'a country called Paraskara'. कारस्करः 'Name of a tree', रथस्या 'Name of a river', किष्कुः 'Name of a measure', किष्किन्धा 'Name of a cave', तस्कर 'a thief', formed by inserting सुट् in the compound of तत् + कर, and eliding त् ॥ बृहस्पति 'Name of a Diety', formed similarly by inserting सुट् between बृहत् + पति and eliding the त् ॥ Why do we say when meaning a thief and a diety? Observe तत्करः, बृहत्पतिः ॥ The words चोर and देवता are used in the Ganapatha merely for the sake of diversity, the word संज्ञा would have connoted that प्रस्तुम्पति गौः ॥ When the root तुप तुम्प 'to injure' is preceded by the preposition प्र, there is added सुट् to प्र, when the agent of the verb is a cow. Why do we say 'when the agent is cow'? Observe प्रतुम्पति वनस्पतिः ॥ In प्रस्तुम्पति the सुट् is added to a finite verb, which is thus conjugated:- प्रस्तुम्पति गौः, प्रस्तुम्पती गावौ, प्रस्तुम्पन्ति गावः ॥ This is an akritigana. Thus प्रायश्चित्तम्, प्रायश्चित्तिः ॥

1 पारस्करो देशः, 2 कारस्करो वृक्षः, 3 रथस्या नदी, 4 किष्कुः प्रमाणम्, 5 किष्किन्धा गुहा, 6 तद्बृहतोः करपत्योश्चोरदेवतयोः सुट् तलापश्च (तस्करः चोरः, बृहस्पतिः = देवता), 7 प्रात् तुम्पतौ गवि कर्तरि (प्रस्तुम्पति गौः) ॥ आकृतिगणः ॥

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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