6.1.14
बन्धुनि बहुव्रीहौ
Operational rule vidhi
There is vocalisation of the affix ष्यङ् (4.1.78) when the word बन्धु follows in a बहुव्रीही compound.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context बन्धुनि saptamī · ekavacanaRight context बहुव्रीहौ saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
बन्धुनि बहुव्रीहौ
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Commentary
There is vocalisation of the affix ष्यङ् 4.1.78 when the word बन्धु follows in a बहुव्रीही compound.
Thus कारीषगन्ध्याबन्धुरस्य = कारीषगन्धीबन्धुः ॥ So also कौमुदगन्धीबन्धुः ॥
Why do we say "when the compound is a Bahuvrihi"? Observe कारीषगन्ध्याया बन्धुः = कारीषगन्ध्याबन्धुः, which is a Tatpurusha compound. Like the last sutra, we have here also परमकारीषगन्धबन्धुः, but अतिकारीषगन्ध्याबन्धुः, कारीषगन्ध्याबन्धुधनः, कारीषगन्ध्यापरमबन्धुः ॥
Though the word बन्धुनि is exhibited in the sutra in the neuter gender, it is in fact a masculine word.
Vart:- There is vocalisation of ष्यङ् in a Bahuvrihi compound with मातच्, मातृक and मातृ optionally: as कारीषगन्धीमातः꣡ or कारीषगन्ध्यामातः꣡, कारीषगन्धीमातृकः or कारीषगन्ध्यामातृकः, कारीषगन्धीमाता, कारीषगन्ध्यामाता ॥ The indicatory च of मातच् makes the word take the udatta on the last syllable 6.1.163, thus debarring the especial accent of the Bahuvrihi (VI.2. I). All Bahuvrihi compounds ending in ऋ take the samasanta affix कप्, so मातृ would have become मातृक by force of 5.4.153, so the separate enumeration of मातृ and मातृक here shows that कप् is also optional.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.