2.4.80
मन्त्रे घसह्वरणशवृदहाद्वृच्कृगमिजनिभ्यो लेः
Operational rule vidhi
In the मन्त्र portion of the Vedas there is लुक् elision of the sign of the Aorist (& लिट् -Perfect Tense) after the verbs घस् 'to eat', हूर् 'to be crooked', णश् 'to destroy', वृ 'to choose, to cover', दह् 'to burn', verbs ending in long आ , वृच् 'to avoid', कृ 'to make', गमि 'to go' and जनि 'to be produced'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context मन्त्रे saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context घस- ह्वर- णश- वृ- दह- आत्- वृच्- कृ- गमि- जनिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaTarget लेः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
मन्त्रे घस-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
In the मन्त्र portion of the Vedas there is लुक् elision of the sign of the Aorist (& लिट् -Perfect Tense) after the verbs घस् 'to eat', हूर् 'to be crooked', णश् 'to destroy', वृ 'to choose, to cover', दह् 'to burn', verbs ending in long आ , वृच् 'to avoid', कृ 'to make', गमि 'to go' and जनि 'to be produced'.
The word लि is the name given by ancient grammarians to the affixes of Perfect tense as well as the Aorist, or it might be common term for all tense-affixes. Thus from घस we have अक्षन in the sentence, अक्ष॑न् पि॒तरोऽमी॑ मदन्त पितरो॑ऽतीतृपन्त पि॒तरः॒ पित॑रः शुन्ध॑ध्वम् (Yajurveda. XIX 36 so also Rig.1.82. 2).
From the verb ह्वृ we have माहूर्मित्रस्य त्वम्. From नश we have प्रणङ् in the following verse मानः शंसो अररुषो धूर्तिः प्रणङ्मर्त्थस्य । रक्षा सोब्रह्मणस्पते ॥ (Rig. 1.18. 3.)
The word वृ in the sutra includes both वृङ् and वृञ्, as the word वेन in the following ब्रह्म॑ जज्ञा॒नं प्र॑थ॒मं पुर॒ स्ता॒द्विसी॒॑ मतः सुरु॒चो॑ वेन आवः । सयु ध॒न्या॒ उपमा अ॑स्य विष्ठाः मतश्च योनि॒मस॑तश्च वि वः॑ ॥ (Yajurveda 13.3).
From दह we have आधक् as in सर॑स्वत्य॒भिनो॑ नेषि॒वस्यो माप॑स्फरीः॒ पय॑सा॒ मान॒ आध॑क् ॥ (Rig.VI.61.14). The word आत् means verbs ending in long आ as प्रा 'to fill.' Thus, मित्रः देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः । आप्रा द्यावा पृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थु श्च ॥ (Rig. I.115.1.)
The root वृच gives us वर्क as in the following verse:- मा मो अस्मिन्महाधमे परा वग् र्भारभृद्यथा । संवर्गं संरथिं जवः ॥ (Rig. VIII 75.12).
From कृ we have अक्रम् as in the following verse अक्र॒म् कर्म॒ कर्म॒ कृतः॑ सह वा॒चा म॑यो॒ भुवा॑ । दे॒ वेभ्यः॑ कर्म क्र॒त्वास्तं॒ प्रेत॑ सचाभुवः ॥ (Yajurveda III.47).
From गम we have अग्मन; as in the following verse: वृतेव यंत बहुभिर्वसवौ स्वेरमिं जागृवांसो अनुग्मन् । रूशंतमग्निं दर्शतः वृहंतं वपावंतं विश्चहा दीदिवांसं (Rig. VI.1.1).
From जन we have अज्ञत as अज्ञत वा अस्य दन्ताः. This is an example from the Brahman literature, as the word मंत्रं in the sutra refers also to the Brahman literature.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.