2.4.56
अजेर्व्यघञपोः
Operational rule vidhi
वी is the substitute of the verb अज् 'to drive', 'to lead', when an आर्धधातुक affix follows, with the exception of the affixes घञ् -- भावे (3.3.18) and अप् -- समुदोरजः पशुषु (3.3.69).
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target अजेः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaWord वी Right context अघञपोः saptamī · dvivacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
अजेः वी अघञपोः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
वी is the substitute of the verb अज् 'to drive', 'to lead', when an आर्धधातुक affix follows, with the exception of the affixes घञ् -- भावे 3.3.18 and अप् -- समुदोरजः पशुषु 3.3.69.
प्रवायकः 'driver,' प्रवायणीयः.
Why do we say 'with the exception of घञ् and अप्'? Observe सम् + अज + घञ् = समाजः 'society'; उदाजः 'driving out.' So also with अप्, as समजः 'a multitude or herd of animals &c., उदजः 'driving out of cattle.' See 3.3.69.
Why have we used वी with a long ई? For the sake of forms like प्रवीताः &c.
Vart:- Prohibition must also be stated (along with घञ् and अप्) of the affix क्यप्, as समज्या 'a meeting, fame.'
Vart:- The substitution is optional before ardhadhatukas beginning with a letter of वल् Pratyahara (all consonant except य) as प्रवेता or प्राजिता प्रवेतुम् or प्राजितुम्. See 6.2.144 for accent.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.