2.3.46
प्रातिपदिकार्थलिङ्गपरिमाणवचनमात्रे प्रथमा
Operational rule vidhi
Where the sense is that of the Nominal-stem -- अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम् (1.2.45), or of gender only, or measure only or number only, the 1st case-affix is used.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context प्रातिपदिकार्थ- लिङ्ग- परिमाण- वचनमात्रे saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
प्रातिपदिकार्थ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Where the sense is that of the Nominal-stem -- अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम् 1.2.45, or of gender only, or measure only or number only, the 1st case-affix is used.
Ex. उच्चैः 'aloft,' नीचैः 'below,' कुमारी 'virgin,' वृक्षः 'tree,' कूंडं 'owl,' द्रोणः 'a measure'. By 'number' grammatical number is meant; as एकः 'one,' द्वौ 'two,' बहवः 'many'.
The sense of a Pratipadika is to denote mere existence. Genders are three, masculine, feminine and neuter. Measures are such as drona, khari, adhaka &c. Numbers are singular, dual and plural. The Nipatas which do not denote anything are also Pratipadika.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.