1.3.71
मिथ्योपपदात् कृञोऽभ्यासे
Operational rule vidhi
After the causative of the verb कृ , the आत्मनेपद is used, when it has the word मिथ्या 'incorrect', as an उपपद or dependent word and is used in the sense of 'repeated wrong utterance', even when the fruit of action does not accrue no the agent.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Indeclinable मिथ्या avyayaLeft context pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context कृञः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context saptamī · ekavacana
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
मिथ्या कृञः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the causative of the verb कृ , the आत्मनेपद is used, when it has the word मिथ्या 'incorrect', as an उपपद or dependent word and is used in the sense of 'repeated wrong utterance', even when the fruit of action does not accrue no the agent.
The phrase 'of the causative ending in णि' is to be supplied from sutra 1.3.67. The aphorism is restricted to the cases where the fruit of the action does not accrue to the agent. The word abhyasa means doing again, or repetition; as पदं मिथ्या कारयति means 'he repeatedly pronounces the word incorrectly, that is with wrong accent, &c., not once but constantly'.
Why do we say 'when the word mithya is used as an upapada?' The causative of kri will take parasmaipada when it has any other upapada. Thus पदं सुष्टुम् कारयति 'he pronounces the word correctly.'
Why do we say 'of the verb कृञ्? Because the causative of any other verb used along with the word mithya will not have atmanepada; as पदं मिथ्या वाचयति 'he repeatedly utters the word wrongly.' Here वच् takes parasmaipada.
Why do we say 'repeatedly'? For if the incorrect utterance is not habitual, then parasmaipada will be used; as पदं मिथ्याकारयति 'he pronounces wrongly, not always but once.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.