1.3.51
अवाद्ग्रः
Operational rule vidhi
After the verb गॄ 'to swallow', when preceded by अव, the आत्मनेपद is used.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context अवात् pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context ग्रः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
अवात् ग्रः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verb गॄ 'to swallow', when preceded by अव, the आत्मनेपद is used.
As अवगिरति (he swallows). The root gri to swallow preceded by the preposition ava is Atmanepadi. The verb gri taken in this sutra means to swallow and belongs to the Tudadi class. It is not the gri 'to make sound' which belongs to the kryadi class, because there is no word formed with the latter verb by affixing the preposition ava to it. By sutra (I..3.78) this verb gri 'to swallow' would have been Parasmaipadi; the present sutra debars that.
When it is not preceded by ava, it is Parasmaipadi, as गिरति 'he swallows.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.