1.2.19
निष्ठा शीङ्स्विदिमिदिक्ष्विदिधृषः
Extension atideśa अकित्त्वातिदेशः
The सेट् निष्ठा affixes are not कित् after the verbs शीङ् 'to lie down', स्विद् 'to sweat', मिद् 'to melt', क्ष्विद् 'to be unctuous', and दृश् 'to offend'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaLeft context शीङ्- स्विदि- मिदि- क्ष्विदि- धृषः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
शीङ्-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The सेट् निष्ठा affixes are not कित् after the verbs शीङ् 'to lie down', स्विद् 'to sweat', मिद् 'to melt', क्ष्विद् 'to be unctuous', and दृश् 'to offend'.
The Nishthas are kta and ktavatu (see sutra 26, Chapter I). They are obviously kit affixes. But in the case of the above five roots they are not kit, and the vowels take guna. Thus शयितः slept, शयितवान्, प्रस्वेदितः, प्रमेदितः, प्रक्ष्वेदितः, प्रस्वेदितवान्, प्रमेदितवान्, प्रक्ष्वेदितवान्, प्रधर्षितः, प्रधर्षितवान् &c. In all the above roots the Nishtha affixes are also set.
The roots स्विद् (ञिष्विदा), मिद् (ञिमिदा), क्षिद् (ञिक्षिदा) and धृष् (ञिधृषा) have all long आ as indicatory, as well as the syllable ञि. These roots therefore by Rule 7.2.16 are generally anit, and consequently beyond the scope of the operation of the present sutra. As स्विन्नः, स्विन्नवान्. But when the Nishtha affixes denote 'a state or condition, bhava,' or 'beginning of action,' then the above four roots optionally become set. 7.2.17. It is in that case that the present sutra is applicable to them.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.