1.1.38
तद्धितश्चासर्वविभक्तिः
Definition saṃjñā अव्ययसंज्ञा
A तद्धितान्त word to which all the विभक्तिप्रत्ययाः cannot be attached is known as 'अव्यय'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Term / subject prathamā · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaTerm / subject अ- सर्व- prathamā · ekavacana
- Term / subject Prathamā (1st case): the term being defined, or the subject of the statement.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
च अ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
And the words ending in तद्धित or secondary affixes -- तद्धिताः 4.1.76, which are not declined in all the cases are also अव्यय or indeclinables.
This expands the definition of avyaya. There are three words in the sutra taddhitah, cha and asarva-vibhaktih. Taddhitas or secondary affixes are certain affixes, by which nouns are derived from other nouns, such as, from मनु we have मानवः, sarva-vibhaktis are those words which take all case-terminations, asarva-vibhaktis are those which do not take all vibhaktis but some only. Thus the adverb यतः is declined in the singular ablative only, and does not take the dual and plural terminations.
Those derivative words which do not take all the case-terminations, but only some of them and which are formed by the addition of Taddhita affixes are indeclinables. As ततः 'thence,' तत्र 'there.' Both these words are formed by taddhita affixes from the pronoun तद् 'that,' the one is used in the ablative case only and the other in the locative. So also यतः, यत्र, तदा, यदा, सर्वदा &c.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.