1.2.10
हलन्ताच्च
Extension atideśa कित्त्वातिदेशः
And after a root ending in a consonant and preceded by a vowel of the प्रत्यहार इक् , the affix सन् beginning with a झल् consonant, is like कित् .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context हलन्तात् pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
हलन्तात् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
And after a root ending in a consonant and preceded by a vowel of the प्रत्यहार इक् , the affix सन् beginning with a झल् consonant, is like कित् ।
Thus from भिद् 'to pierce' we have बिभित्सति 'he wishes to break,' here the root भिद् contains the ik vowel इ; it ends in a consonant द्; the affix सन् is directly added without taking an intermediate इ, and therefore it fulfils all the conditions of the sutra; and the vowel is not gunated.
If the final consonant of the verb is not preceded by a vowel of the ik class, the affix सन् is not kit after such a verb. As यज् + सन् + ते = यियक्षते 'wishes to sacrifice.' Had the affix सन् been here a kit affix, there would have been samprasarana by rule 6.1.16 which declares that there is samprasarana of the verbs वच्, स्वप्, and यज् &c., before kit affixes.
If the san takes the intermediate इ and is then no longer a झलादि सन् it is not kit; and causes gunation etcetera. As वृत् + इ + सन् = विवर्तिषते 'he desires to be.' Here there is guna of ri.
Roots like दम्भ्, तृंह् &c., are governed by this rule, though they end in conjunct consonants, for the word हल् of the sutra means jati or class; thus दम्भ् + सन् + तिप् = दभ् + सति 6.4.24, the m being elided by treating सन् as कित्) = धीप्सति or धिप्सति 7.4.56.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.